The Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) system allows drivers in Japan to pay highway tolls automatically without stopping. It uses wireless communication between a vehicle-mounted ETC device (OBE) and antennas at toll gates. ETC cards, issued by credit card companies, are inserted into the in-vehicle unit to enable this functionality.
As Japan’s motorized society grew, so did traffic congestion—especially on toll roads. Initially, road widening was used to reduce congestion, but this soon reached its limits. The ETC system was developed to offer a smarter, more efficient solution for toll collection and traffic flow.
Development began in 1993, and today, ETC is implemented on nearly all toll roads nationwide.
Despite Japan’s toll roads being operated by multiple companies with different fee structures (flat and distance-based), the ETC system is unified across the country. Drivers can use their ETC cards and units seamlessly anywhere in Japan.
Eliminating the need to stop at toll booths not only reduces driver stress but also contributes to better fuel efficiency and environmental protection.
As your vehicle approaches a toll gate:
According to NEXCO research, many traffic jams occur at toll gates where vehicles are required to stop for payment. These short stops cause major bottlenecks, especially during peak hours and holiday travel.
With ETC in place, vehicles can keep moving, reducing delays and improving overall traffic flow. Over the past decade, the spread of ETC has played a significant role in minimizing traffic congestion on Japan’s highways.