About the ETC System in Japan

ETC Toll Road
Pass Through Toll Gates Smoothly

The Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) system allows drivers in Japan to pay highway tolls automatically without stopping. It uses wireless communication between a vehicle-mounted ETC device (OBE) and antennas at toll gates. ETC cards, issued by credit card companies, are inserted into the in-vehicle unit to enable this functionality.

Background and Development of ETC

As Japan’s motorized society grew, so did traffic congestion—especially on toll roads. Initially, road widening was used to reduce congestion, but this soon reached its limits. The ETC system was developed to offer a smarter, more efficient solution for toll collection and traffic flow.

Development began in 1993, and today, ETC is implemented on nearly all toll roads nationwide.

Nationwide Compatibility

Despite Japan’s toll roads being operated by multiple companies with different fee structures (flat and distance-based), the ETC system is unified across the country. Drivers can use their ETC cards and units seamlessly anywhere in Japan.

Less Stress & Eco-Friendly Driving

Less Stress Driving

Eliminating the need to stop at toll booths not only reduces driver stress but also contributes to better fuel efficiency and environmental protection.

  • Improved fuel efficiency (no repeated stop-and-go)
  • Lower CO₂ emissions and less noise near toll booths
  • Supports Japan’s national sustainability and climate goals

How It Works

As your vehicle approaches a toll gate:

  • Insert the ETC card into your vehicle’s onboard ETC device.
  • ETC antennas at the gate detect the signal and process the payment.
  • The gate opens automatically as you pass through (~20 km/h).
  • The toll is charged to your credit card after use.

Why Traffic Jams Happen

Traffic Jams on Toll Roads

According to NEXCO research, many traffic jams occur at toll gates where vehicles are required to stop for payment. These short stops cause major bottlenecks, especially during peak hours and holiday travel.

With ETC in place, vehicles can keep moving, reducing delays and improving overall traffic flow. Over the past decade, the spread of ETC has played a significant role in minimizing traffic congestion on Japan’s highways.